Reverse mortgages are a unique product that has been available in various forms and with various features for over two decades, though it was not until recently that these loans gained the widespread attention of retired homeowners, news media, federal regulators, and the mortgage industry, in general. This new-found attention has been accompanied by a great deal of misinformation, misunderstanding and, probably as a direct result, heavy criticism of the product.

The bottom line with any legitimate financial product is that it is only as beneficial as it is appropriate. In other words, if the product is right for your situation, it is the right choice; if the product is not right for your situation, it is the wrong choice. Legitimate financial products are amoral – they cannot be inherently good or bad. It is how the consumer chooses to utilize these types of products that determines whether they are “good” or “bad” for them.

That being said, the next concern is how a consumer is to go about determining whether a particular financial product is right for them. The only way for a consumer to make an appropriate choice is to be well-informed about the decision he or she is making. This is especially true in when it comes to reverse mortgages because they are so different from traditional financing.

So what is a reverse mortgage? The aptly named reverse mortgage is so-called because, rather than borrowers incrementally reducing their loan balance by making monthly payments to the lender, they receive monthly payments from the lender that incrementally increase their balance. There are other options for how the borrowers can receive their funds, but the monthly payment option best illustrates how these loans compare with traditional home loans.

When an applicant chooses to purse a reverse mortgage, there are several factors that determine how much money they can receive. The options available to the homeowner are to receive monthly installments or a lump sum, access their funds as needed through a line of credit, or a combination of these options. The lender will use several factors, including the disbursement option that is chosen, to estimate how much can be disbursed to the borrower. The goal when making this determination is to ensure that, when the loan becomes due to be repaid, the amount owed to the lender will not be more than the value of the home.

A reverse mortgage must be repaid in full when the borrower(s) no longer occupies the home. At this time, either the borrower or borrower’s estate will sell the home and use the net proceeds of the sale to repay the lender. The balance will consist of the total of all disbursements made to the homeowner or on the homeowner’s behalf, as well as the interest and service fees that accrued while the loan was outstanding.

Most of the reverse mortgages issues today are Home Equity Conversion Mortgages (HECMs), which are insured by the Federal Housing Administration. This means that the homeowner will not be required to repay any balance that exceeds the market value of the home at the time that the loan becomes due. So, if home values decline or if the balance ends up being higher than initially anticipated, the homeowner is not left ‘holding the bag.’

The only exception to the protection that is offered by a HECM is if the homeowner fails to abide by certain terms of the mortgage contract. Fortunately, these mandates consist of staying current on the real estate taxes and homeowner’s insurance and keeping the property in good repair. These are responsibilities that exist with or without a reverse mortgage, but failing to meet these obligations with a reverse mortgage can result in the homeowner owing the full balance of the loan, regardless of the home’s value.

Any homeowners who are interested in considering a reverse mortgage for themselves should speak with a knowledgeable home loan specialists who can describe all aspects of this type of loan, as well as other types of mortgages, before making a decision about their home financing.

As a former psychology major, finding solutions to resolve people’s problems has always been a subject of interest to me. I hope that my writing will give people the knowledge and confidence to make important decisions about reverse mortgages. In addition to writing, I love to read, knit, spend time with friends and family, and watch the Missouri Tigers and Green Bay Packers!

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